SpringBoot使用RestTemplate做Http请求

前言

基本的网络请求

使用

配置

/**
 * @author 当我遇上你
 * @公众号 当我遇上你
 * @since 2020-05-27
 */
@Configuration
public class RestTemplateConfig {

    @Bean
    public RestTemplate restTemplate(ClientHttpRequestFactory factory){
        return new RestTemplate(factory);
    }

    @Bean
    public ClientHttpRequestFactory simpleClientHttpRequestFactory() {
        SimpleClientHttpRequestFactory factory = new SimpleClientHttpRequestFactory();
        factory.setConnectTimeout(15000);
        factory.setReadTimeout(5000);
        return factory;
    }
}

https

@Slf4j
@Configuration
public class RestConfig {

   @Bean
   public RestTemplate restTemplate(ClientHttpRequestFactory factory) {
      RestTemplate restTemplate = new RestTemplateBuilder().setConnectTimeout(Duration.ofSeconds(3))
            .setReadTimeout(Duration.ofSeconds(10)).build();
      restTemplate.setRequestFactory(factory);
      restTemplate.setErrorHandler(new DefaultResponseErrorHandler());
      return restTemplate;
   }

   @Bean
   public HttpComponentsClientHttpRequestFactory clientHttpRequestFactory() {
      try {
         HttpClientBuilder httpClientBuilder = HttpClientBuilder.create();
         SSLContext sslContext = new SSLContextBuilder()
               .loadTrustMaterial(null, (TrustStrategy) (arg0, arg1) -> true).build();
         httpClientBuilder.setSSLContext(sslContext);
         HostnameVerifier hostnameVerifier = NoopHostnameVerifier.INSTANCE;
         SSLConnectionSocketFactory sslConnectionSocketFactory = new SSLConnectionSocketFactory(sslContext,
               hostnameVerifier);
         Registry<ConnectionSocketFactory> socketFactoryRegistry = RegistryBuilder.<ConnectionSocketFactory>create()
               .register("http", PlainConnectionSocketFactory.getSocketFactory())
               .register("https", sslConnectionSocketFactory).build();
         PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager poolingHttpClientConnectionManager = new PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager(
               socketFactoryRegistry);
         poolingHttpClientConnectionManager.setMaxTotal(2700);
         poolingHttpClientConnectionManager.setDefaultMaxPerRoute(100);
         httpClientBuilder.setConnectionManager(poolingHttpClientConnectionManager);
         httpClientBuilder.setRetryHandler(new DefaultHttpRequestRetryHandler(3, true));
         HttpClient httpClient = httpClientBuilder.build();
         HttpComponentsClientHttpRequestFactory clientHttpRequestFactory = new HttpComponentsClientHttpRequestFactory(
               httpClient);
         clientHttpRequestFactory.setConnectTimeout(20000);
         clientHttpRequestFactory.setReadTimeout(30000);
         clientHttpRequestFactory.setConnectionRequestTimeout(20000);
         return clientHttpRequestFactory;
      }
      catch (KeyManagementException | NoSuchAlgorithmException | KeyStoreException e) {
         log.error("===> init http client pool error!!!", e);
      }
      return null;
   }

}

测试

随便创建一个对象

/**
 * @author 当我遇上你
 * @公众号 当我遇上你
 * @since 2020-05-27
 */
@Data
public class User {

    private String username;
    private String password;

    // 注意需要无参构造方法
    public User() {
    }

    public User(String username, String password) {
        this.username = username;
        this.password = password;
    }
}

自己提供2个接口供 RestTemplate 测试

/**
 * @author 当我遇上你
 * @公众号 当我遇上你
 * @since 2020-05-27
 */
@RestController
@RequestMapping
public class TestController {

    // http://localhost:8888/user
    @GetMapping("/user")
    public User getUser() {
        return new User("admin", "123");
    }

    // http://localhost:8888/user/1?name=admin&age=17
    @GetMapping("/user/{id}")
    public Object getInfo(@PathVariable("id") Integer id, @RequestParam String name, @RequestParam Integer age) {
        return "id=" + id + ";name=" + name + ";age=" + age;
    }

    // http://localhost:8888/save
    @PostMapping("/save")
    public User save(@RequestBody User user, HttpServletRequest request) {
        user.setPassword(request.getHeader("Authorization"));
        return user;
    }

    // http://localhost:8888/list
    @GetMapping("/list")
    public List<User> list() {
        return Arrays.asList(new User("admin", "456"));
    }
}

单元测试

/**
 * @author 当我遇上你
 * @公众号 当我遇上你
 * @since 2020-05-27
 */
@SpringBootTest
class TestControllerTest {

    @Autowired
    RestTemplate restTemplate;

    /**
     * User(username=admin, password=123)
     */
    @Test
    void getForEntity() {
        ResponseEntity<User> response = restTemplate.getForEntity("http://localhost:8888/user", User.class);
        User body = response.getBody();
        System.out.println(body);
    }

    /**
     * User(username=admin, password=123)
     */
    @Test
    void getForObject() {
        User user = restTemplate.getForObject("http://localhost:8888/user", User.class);
        System.out.println(user);
    }

    /**
     * User(username=admin, password=123)
     */
    @Test
    void exchange() {

        HttpHeaders httpHeaders = new HttpHeaders();
        HttpEntity httpEntity = new HttpEntity(null, httpHeaders);
        ResponseEntity<User> exchange = restTemplate.exchange("http://localhost:8888/user", HttpMethod.GET, httpEntity, User.class);
        User body = exchange.getBody();
        System.out.println(body);
    }

    /**
     * id=1;name=当我遇上你;age=17
     */
    @Test
    void getForEntityByParams() {
        Map<String, Object> params = new HashMap<>();
        params.put("name", "当我遇上你");
        params.put("age", 17);
        ResponseEntity<String> responseEntity = restTemplate.getForEntity("http://localhost:8888/user/1?name={name}&age={age}", String.class, params);
        System.out.println(responseEntity.getBody());
    }

    /**
     * id=1;name=当我遇上你;age=17
     */
    @Test
    void getForObjectByParams() {
        Map<String, Object> params = new HashMap<>();
        params.put("id", 1);
        params.put("name", "当我遇上你");
        params.put("age", 17);
        String res = restTemplate.getForObject("http://localhost:8888/user/{id}?name={name}&age={age}", String.class, params);
        System.out.println(res);
    }

    /**
     * id=1;name=当我遇上你;age=17
     */
    @Test
    void getExchangeByParams() {

        HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();
        headers.setContentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON);
        headers.setAccept(Collections.singletonList(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON));

        HttpEntity httpEntity = new HttpEntity(headers);

        Map<String, Object> params = new HashMap<>();
        params.put("id", 1);
        params.put("name", "当我遇上你");
        params.put("age", 17);

        ResponseEntity<String> exchange = restTemplate.exchange("http://localhost:8888/user/{id}?name={name}&age={age}", HttpMethod.GET, httpEntity, String.class, params);
        System.out.println(exchange.getBody());
    }

    /**
     * id=1;name=当我遇上你;age=17
     */
    @Test
    void getExchangeByUriComponentsBuilder() {

        HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();
        headers.setContentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON);
        headers.setAccept(Collections.singletonList(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON));

        HttpEntity httpEntity = new HttpEntity(headers);

        UriComponentsBuilder builder = UriComponentsBuilder.fromHttpUrl("http://localhost:8888/user/1")
                .queryParam("name", "当我遇上你")
                .queryParam("age", 17);

        ResponseEntity<String> exchange = restTemplate.exchange(builder.build().encode().toUri(), HttpMethod.GET, httpEntity, String.class);
        System.out.println(exchange.getBody());
    }

    /**
     * User(username=当我遇上你, password=777)
     */
    @Test
    void postForObject() {

        HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();
        headers.add("Authorization", "777");
        headers.setContentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON);
        User body = new User("当我遇上你", "123");
        HttpEntity<User> request = new HttpEntity<>(body, headers);
        User user = restTemplate.postForObject("http://localhost:8888/save", request, User.class);
        System.out.println(user);
    }

    /**
     * [User(username=admin, password=456)]
     */
    @Test
    void list1() {
        User[] users = restTemplate.getForObject("http://localhost:8888/list", User[].class);
        List<User> list = Arrays.asList(users);
        System.out.println(list);
    }

    /**
     * [User(username=admin, password=456)]
     */
    @Test
    void list2() {
        ResponseEntity<List<User>> responseEntity = restTemplate.exchange("http://localhost:8888/list", HttpMethod.GET, null, new ParameterizedTypeReference<List<User>>(){});
        List<User> body = responseEntity.getBody();
        System.out.println(body);
    }
}

总结

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